• Vani A Mathur, Janell S Payano Sosa, Michael L Keaser, Timothy F Meiller, and David A Seminowicz.
• Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States.
• Pain Med. 2023 Nov 2; 24 (11): 121312181213-1218.

BackgroundThe social context of burning mouth syndrome (BMS) has received little attention in the scientific literature. However, social psychological theory and insights from those with lived experiences suggest that people living with BMS experience compounding effects of stigma related to their pain, diagnosis (or lack thereof), and intersectional identities.ObjectiveOur aim is to provide initial evidence and to motivate new directions for research on BMS. Here, we present the results of an exploratory pilot study (n = 16) of women living with BMS in the United States.MethodsParticipants completed self-report measures of stigma, discrimination, and pain, as well as laboratory assessments of pain through quantitative sensory testing.ResultsResults indicate a high prevalence of internalized BMS stigma, experience of BMS-related discrimination from clinicians, and gender stigma consciousness in this population. Moreover, results provide initial evidence that these experiences are related to pain outcomes. The most robust pattern of findings is that internalized BMS stigma was related to greater clinical pain severity, interference, intensity, and unpleasantness.ConclusionGiven the prevalence and pain-relevance of intersectional stigma and discrimination identified in this pilot study, lived experience and social context should be incorporated into future research on BMS.© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Academy of Pain Medicine. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.

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