• Yoo Jin Kim, Sang Woong Moon, In-Ki Park, and Jae-Ho Shin.
• Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Jun 16; 102 (24): e33920e33920.

RationalePlasmacytoma is a disease caused by the proliferation of monoclonal immunoglobulin-producing plasma cells and divided into multiple myeloma, solitary bone plasmacytoma, and extramedullary plasmacytoma. We report a case of orbital extramedullary plasmacytoma invading the dura mater in a patient with exophthalmos and diplopia.Patient ConcernsA 35-year-old female patient with exophthalmos in the right eye and diplopia visited the clinic.DiagnosesThe thyroid function tests showed nonspecific results. Orbital computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging revealed a homogeneously enhancing orbital mass infiltrating the right maxillary sinus and adjacent brain tissue in the middle cranial fossa through the superior orbital fissure.InterventionsTo diagnose and alleviate the symptoms, an excisional biopsy was performed, which revealed a plasmacytoma.OutcomesOne month after the surgery, the protruding symptoms and eye movement restriction in the right eye improved, and the visual acuity in the right eye was restored.LessonsIn this case report, we present a case of an extramedullary plasmacytoma that originated in the inferior wall of the orbit and invaded the cranial cavity. To our knowledge, no previous reports have described a solitary plasmacytoma that originated in the orbit, causing exophthalmos and invading the cranial cavity at the same time.Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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