• Kathryn Olsen, Sara Mahgoub, Sarah Al-Shakhshir, Akram Algieder, Sowsan Atabani, Ayman Bannaga, and Ahmed M Elsharkawy.
• Liver Unit, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
• Clin Med (Lond). 2023 Jul 1; 23 (4): 403408403-408.

AbstractHepatitis D virus (HDV), also referred to as hepatitis delta virus, is the smallest virus capable of causing human disease. It is unable to replicate on its own and can only propagate in the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV). Infection with both HBV and HDV frequently results in more severe disease than HBV alone, with higher instances of cirrhosis, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Thus, there is a need for effective treatment for HDV; however, currently approved treatment options are very limited both in terms of their efficacy and availability. This makes the management of HDV a challenge for physicians. In this review, we look at the background, diagnosis and treatment of HDV, informed by our hospital data, to set out the optimal management of HDV; we also explore novel treatment options for this disease.© Royal College of Physicians 2023. All rights reserved.

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