• Gabriela L Belachur, Carolina Holzer, Gonzalo R Voboril, Daniela C Carbone, Patricia K Aruj, and Martin Durlach.
• Servicio de Clínica Médica, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas Alfredo Lanari, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: glbelachur@gmail.com.
• Medicina (B Aires). 2023 Jan 1; 83 (3): 475478475-478.

AbstractHamman's syndrome, or spontaneous pneumomediastinum, is the presence of air in the mediastinum without a history of previous pulmonary pathology, chest trauma or iatrogenesis. It has been described as a rare complication in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. It is postulated that an increase in airway pressure associated with diffuse alveolar damage caused by the virus produces an air leak into the mediastinum. Chest pain and dyspnea associated with subcutaneous emphysema should make the treating physician suspicious. We introduce a 79-year-old patient who, during hospitalization for pneumonia secondary to COVID-19, suddenly developed dyspnea, chest pain, coughing spells and bronchospasm with the discovery of spontaneous pneumomediastinum on chest tomography. He evolved favorably with bronchodilator treatment and temporary oxygen therapy. Hamman's syndrome is a rare cause of respiratory failure progression in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. Its recognition is crucial to implement the appropriate treatment.

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