• A M Oyefabi, C I Tobin West, S Ameh, E N Jiya, A Sadiq, H Dauda, and M Onoh.
• Department of Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Zaria, Nigeria.
• Niger J Clin Pract. 2023 Jun 1; 26 (6): 825831825-831.

BackgroundSpecific death due to DR-TB has significantly contributed to tuberculosis (TB) mortality and overall global deaths.AimThis study examines the predictors of mortality among DR-TB patients in Kaduna State, Nigeria.Subject And MethodThis was a retrospective longitudinal study of DR-TB mortality carried out among 370 DR-TB patients from the 23 LGAs in Kaduna State. It involves a retrospective review of the MDR-TB records of the patients over a period of 10 years (2012-2021). Demographic and clinical data of all DR-TB patients enrolled in Kaduna State, Nigeria, between April 1, 2012, and March 31, 2021, were used. Survival analysis was performed with SPSS version 25, using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard regression modeling, at 5% significance level.ResultsThe majority of the patients, 255 (68.9%), were below the age of 40 years, while 53 (14.3%) of the patients died within the study period. Most deaths 26 (49.1%) were associated with HIV co-infection and the disease severity. Results for the Cox proportional model show that there was a significantly lower risk of death when a patient had MDR-TB compared to pre-XDR-TB (adjusted hazard ratio, AHR = 0.34, 95% CI = 0.16-0.72, P = 0.04). Both models show that age, sex, residence, or year of treatment had no significant association with survival or death.ConclusionHIV co-infection and DRTB with progression to more resistant and difficult-to-treat strains contributed to higher deaths. There is a need for concerted efforts from all DR-TB stakeholders to control the disease.

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