• Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Sukriti Mathur, Ran Zhang, Vincent Ka Chun Yan, Francisco Lai, Celine Chui, Xue Li, WongCarlos King HoCKHUniversity of Hong Kong., Kai Hang Yiu, ChanEsther Wai YinEWYUniversity of Hong Kong., and Ian Wong.
• University of Hong Kong.
• Br J Gen Pract. 2023 Jul 1; 73 (suppl 1).

BackgroundThe evidence on the short- and long-term associations of COVID-19 with cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes and mortality is limited.AimThis study aimed to evaluate these associations.MethodCOVID-19 patients (cases) diagnosed between 16 March 2020 and 30 November 2020 were identified from UK Biobank and followed prospectively for up to 18 months. Based on age and sex, cases were randomly matched with uninfected participants from two control cohorts - a contemporary cohort between 16 March 2020 and 30 November 2020, and a historical cohort between 16 March 2018 and 30 November 2018. Characteristics between groups were adjusted with propensity score-based marginal mean-weighting through stratification. The association of COVID-19 with CVD and mortality within 21 days of diagnosis (acute phase) and after this period (post-acute phase) was determined by Cox regression.ResultsIn the acute phase, patients with COVID-19 (n = 7584) were associated with a significantly higher risk of CVD (hazard ratio [HR] 4.3 [95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.6 to 6.9]); 5.0 (95% CI = 3.0 to 8.1)] and all-cause mortality (HR 81.1 [95% CI = 58.5 to 112.4); 67.5 [95% CI = 49.9 to 91.1]) than the contemporary (n = 75 790) and historical controls (n = 75 774), respectively. In the post-acute phase, infected patients' (n = 7139) association with higher risk of CVD (HR 1.4 [95% CI = 1.2 to 1.8]; 1.3 [95% CI = 1.1 to 1.6]) and all-cause mortality (HR 5.0 [95% CI = 4.3 to 5.8); 4.5 (95% CI = 3.9 to 5.2]) persisted, compared with the contemporary (n = 71 296) and historical controls (n = 71 314), respectively.ConclusionCOVID-19 is associated with increased short- and long-term risks of CVD and mortality. Ongoing monitoring of signs and symptoms of developing cardiovascular complications post-diagnosis and up till at least a year post-recovery may benefit infected patients, especially those with severe disease.© British Journal of General Practice 2023.

8 keywords...

hide…