• Xiaoyin Wang, Mei Yan, Zhou Xu, and Lin Zhuang.
• Xiaoyin Wang, Department of obstetrical, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan Province, P.R. China.
• Pak J Med Sci. 2023 Jul 1; 39 (4): 116611771166-1177.

ObjectiveThis updated systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancies based on the Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines of gestational weight gain (GWG).MethodsPubMED, SCOPUS, EMBASE and Web of Science were searched up to 30th July 2022. All studies evaluating maternal and/or neonatal outcomes of twin pregnancies based on the IOM guidelines of gestational weight gain were included.ResultsTwenty two studies were included. Mothers with twin pregnancies experiencing inadequate GWG showed higher incidence of gestational diabetes with the risk ratio (RR) 1.22 95% CI (0.95,1.57), p=0.0005, i2= 69% and premature rupture of membrane (PROM) with RR 1.14 95% CI (0.99, 1.30), p=0.07; i2=0% that coincided with higher rates of preterm birth, low birth weight, small for gestational age (SGA) and admission to NICU in neonates. Mothers with excessive GWG had higher risk of developing gestational hypertension with RR 1.59 95% CI (1.22, 2.07), p=0.0006, i2=75% and extremely preterm delivery (<32 weeks).ConclusionWithin the limitations of this review, GWG was found to be a predictable risk factor for adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes of twin pregnancies.Copyright: © Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences.

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