• Laurens J Ceulemans, Antoine Dubois, Mathias Clarysse, Emilio Canovai, Robert Venick, George Mazariegos, Tim Vanuytsel, Taizo Hibi, Yaron Avitzur, Jonathan Hind, Simon Horslen, Gabriel Gondolesi, Enrico Benedetti, Rainer Gruessner, and Jacques Pirenne.
• Leuven Intestinal Failure and Transplantation (LIFT), University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
• Ann. Surg. 2023 Nov 1; 278 (5): 807814807-814.

ObjectiveTo describe the worldwide experience with living donation (LD) in intestinal transplantation (ITx) and compare short-term and long-term outcomes to a propensity-matched cohort of deceased donors.BackgroundITx is a rare life-saving procedure for patients with complicated intestinal failure (IF). Living donation (LD)-ITx has been performed with success, but no direct comparison with deceased donation (DD) has been performed. The Intestinal Transplant Registry (ITR) was created in 1985 by the Intestinal Transplant Association to capture the worldwide activity and promote center's collaborations.MethodsBased on the ITR, 4156 ITx were performed between January 1987 and April 2019, of which 76 (1.8%) were LD, including 5 combined liver-ITx, 7 ITx-colon, and 64 isolated ITx. They were matched with 186 DD-ITx for recipient age/sex, weight, region, IF-cause, retransplant, pretransplant status, ABO compatibility, immunosuppression, and transplant date. Primary endpoints were acute rejection and 1-/5-year patient/graft survival.ResultsMost LDs were performed in North America (61%), followed by Asia (29%). The mean recipient age was: 22 years; body mass index: 19kg/m²; and female/male ratio: 1/1.4. Volvulus (N=17) and ischemia (N=17) were the most frequent IF-causes. Fifty-two percent of patients were at home at the time of transplant. One-/5-year patient survival for LD and DD was 74.2/49.8% versus 80.3/48.1%, respectively ( P =0.826). One-/5-year graft survival was 60.3/40.6% versus 69.2/36.1%, respectively ( P =0.956). Acute rejection was diagnosed in 47% of LD versus 51% of DD ( P =0.723).ConclusionWorldwide, LD-ITx has been rarely performed. This retrospective matched ITR analysis revealed no difference in rejection and in patient/graft survival between LD and DD-ITx.Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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