• Maria Cristina Costa de Almeida, Celi Marques-Santos, Maria Elizabeth Navegantes Caetano Costa, Marildes Luiza de Castro, and Regina Coeli Marques de Carvalho.
• Medicina Centro Universitário Belo Horizonte, Ciências da Saúde Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia, Departamento de Cardiologia da Mulher/Sociedade Brasileira de Cardiologia - Belo Horizonte (MG), Brazil.
• Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2023 Jan 1; 69 (suppl 1): e2023S106e2023S106.

AbstractCardiovascular diseases are the main cause of mortality in men and women worldwide, surpassing mortality from all associated neoplasms. In women, its prevalence and mortality increase at menopause, but complications of reproductive age, such as preeclampsia and eclampsia, lead to increased cardiovascular risk throughout their lives. Coronary ischemic disease is is the leading cause of death in Brazil and worldwide, with atherosclerotic disease being the principal pathophysiological mechanism. However, in women, other mechanisms are associated with myocardial ischemia, such as microcirculation disease and/or vasospasm, due to the anatomical and hormonal characteristics of women in different stages of their lives. Knowledge of the most prevalent cardiovascular diseases in women, as well as the specific risk factors, the traditional ones with the greatest impact, and the under-recognized ones, is of fundamental importance in their risk stratification, diagnosis, and management, fundamentally aiming at reducing mortality.

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