• Changyi Wang, Pei Qin, Yinxing Liu, Li Wang, Shan Xu, Hongen Chen, Shuhong Dai, Ping Zhao, Fulan Hu, and Yanmei Lou.
• Shenzhen Nanshan Center for Chronic Disease, Department of Non-communicable Disease Prevention and Control - Shenzhen, China.
• Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2023 Jan 1; 69 (8): e20220241e20220241.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the sex-specific association between hyperuricemia and the risk of hypertension and whether obesity mediates this association.MethodsThis study included 31,395 (47.0% women) adults without hypertension, cardiovascular disease, or cancer at baseline who completed at least one follow-up annual examination between 2009 and 2016. Cox regression models were performed to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Mediation analysis was conducted to estimate the effect of body mass index on the association between hyperuricemia and hypertension.ResultsDuring a median 2.9-year follow-up, hyperuricemia was significantly associated with a higher risk of hypertension (HR 1.15, 95%CI 1.07-1.24 for all participants; HR 1.12, 95%CI 1.03-1.22 for men; and HR 1.23, 95%CI 1.02-1.48 for women) after adjustment for potential confounders. Additional adjustment for body mass index attenuated this association (HR 1.09, 95%CI 1.08-1.10 for all participants; HR 1.07; 95%CI 0.98-1.16 for men; HR 1.18; 95%CI 0.96-1.44 for women). Mediation analysis showed that BMI partially mediated the relationship between hyperuricemia and incident hypertension (indirect effect HR 1.09, 95%CI 1.08-1.10; direct effect: HR 1.08, 95%CI 1.02-1.15). The percentage of the mediation effect was 53.2% (95%CI 37.9-84.5).ConclusionHyperuricemia is associated with a risk of hypertension in both sexes, and BMI partially mediates hyperuricemia-related incident hypertension.

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