• Curr Opin Crit Care · Oct 2023

    Review

    Severe meningoencephalitis: epidemiology and outcomes.

    • Michael Thy, Etienne de Montmollin, Lila Bouadma, Jean-François Timsit, and Romain Sonneville.
    • Department of Intensive Care Medicine.
    • Curr Opin Crit Care. 2023 Oct 1; 29 (5): 415422415-422.

    Purpose Of ReviewThis article aims to provide an updated review on the epidemiology and outcomes of severe meningoencephalitis.Recent FindingsMeningoencephalitis is a critical medical condition characterized by inflammation in both the meninges and brain parenchyma. Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections are common causes, although noninfectious factors, such as autoimmune causes, can also contribute. In patients requiring intensive care, meningoencephalitis is associated with a severe prognosis, including mortality rates ranging from 11 to 25% and functional disability in 15-25% of survivors. Recent multicenter studies have identified several parameters linked to poor outcomes, including older age, immunocompromised status, focal neurologic signs, abnormal brain imaging, and delayed administration of antimicrobials. The use of new multiplex PCR techniques for diagnosis has generated debate based on recent data. Investigation is still needed to determine the effectiveness of adjunctive therapies, including seizure prophylaxis, and adjunctive steroids for nonbacterial causes.SummaryRecent multicenter studies have enhanced our understanding of the current epidemiology and outcomes of severe meningoencephalitis in adult patients.Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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