• Xiaozhen Hu, Yajun Mao, Fang Luo, and Xijun Wang.
• Department of rehabilitation medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Sep 1; 102 (35): e34764e34764.

BackgroundAccumulating evidence has indicated a possible connection between post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) and gut microbiota imbalance. To further investigate this association, the present work was designed to systematically assess the dissimilarity of gut microbiota between PSCI and healthy individuals or stroke patients.MethodsA meta-analysis and systematic review was conducted by searching various databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, VIP, CNKI, and Wangfang for relevant studies. The pooled outcomes were used to estimate the combined dissimilarity of gut microbiota composition between PSCI and healthy individuals or patients with stroke.ResultsNine eligible studies were included in this meta-analysis. The results showed that there were no significant changes in observed richness indexes (Chao1 and ACE) and Shannon index. Notably, a significant decrease in Simpson index was observed in PSCI patients in comparison to the healthy individuals (-0.31, 95% CI: -0.62 to -0.01, P = 0.04). Moreover, the microbiota composition at the phylum level (increased abundance of Proteobacteria), family level (increased abundance of Bacteroidaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Veillonellaceae; decreased abundance of Enterobacteriaceae), and genus level (increased abundance of Bacteroides, Clostridium XIVa, and Parabacteroides; decreased abundance of Prevotella and Ruminococcus) was found to be significantly different between PSCI and controls.ConclusionThis meta-analysis suggests a significant shift of observed species and microbiota composition in PSCI compared to healthy individuals or patients with stroke.Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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