• P De Negri, G Ivani, C Visconti, and P De Vivo.
• Department of Anaesthesia, IRCCS 'Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza', S. Giovanni Rotondo (FG), Turin, Italy. pdegegri@tin.it
• Paediatr Anaesth. 2001 Nov 1; 11 (6): 679-83.

BackgroundThe aim of the study was to determine whether caudal S-ketamine or clonidine prolonged analgesia together with ropivacaine.MethodsSixty-three boys, aged 1-5 years, who were undergoing minor surgery, were allocated in order to receive one of three solutions for caudal anaesthesia. Group R received 2 mg x kg(-1) 0.2% ropivacaine; group C, 2 mg x kg(-1) 0.2% ropivacaine + clonidine 2 microg x kg(-1); and group K, 2 mg x kg(-1) 0.2% ropivacaine + S-ketamine 0.5 mg x kg(-1).ResultsPostoperative analgesia assessed by CHEOPS lasted 701 min in group K (P < 0.05) compared with 492 min in group C and 291 min in group R. There were no significant differences between the groups for incidence of haemodynamic and respiratory alterations, motor block or sedation.ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that S-ketamine 0.5 mg x kg(-1) when added to 0.2% caudal ropivacaine provides better postoperative analgesia than clonidine without any clinically significant side-effect.

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