• Medicine · Sep 2023

    Use or abuse of antibiotics as prophylactic therapy in oral surgery: A systematic review.

    • María Verónica Cuevas-Gonzalez, Juan Carlos Cuevas-Gonzalez, León Francisco Espinosa-Cristóbal, Alejandro Donohue-Cornejo, Simón Yovanny Reyes López, Rosa Alicia Saucedo Acuña, Alma Graciela García Calderón, and Dalia Abril Guzmán Gastelum.
    • Faculty of Health Sciences Valle de las Palmas, Autonomous University of Baja California, Baja CA, Mexico.
    • Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Sep 15; 102 (37): e35011e35011.

    BackgroudAntibiotics are a type of medication routinely prescribed by dental professionals; however, it is very common that the administration is not justified. Around 15% of dentists admit that they have administered antibiotics unnecessarily more than once a week. The objective of this project is to identify the effectiveness of the use of antibiotics as prophylactic therapy in oral surgery, and to carry out an analysis of the alternatives to pharmacological therapy.MethodsThe search strategy was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases. For study selection, a first filter was carried out by title and abstract, which mentioned the use of prophylactic antibiotics in some type of oral surgery. To establish the risk of bias, the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for Randomized Controlled Trials was utilized.ResultsThe type of antibiotics most prescribed as prophylactic therapy were beta-lactams, which were indicated in 100% of the studies. Penicillins predominated, observing amoxicillin as the most indicated drug in 54.1% of the studies (n = 13) followed by the use of amoxicillin in conjunction with clavulanic acid in 33.3% of the studies (n = 8). Of the 21 studies included, 17 mention that there is insufficient evidence to support the use of antibiotics as prophylactic therapy in patients who will undergo some type of oral surgery.ConclusionsWithout a doubt, the biggest challenge is to develop academic update strategies aimed at dentists with active clinical practice and dental students from educational and government institutions to provide updated information about the correct use of prescription drugs.Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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