• Isaac S Chua, Roaa M Khinkar, Matthew Wien, Michaela Kerrissey, Stuart Lipsitz, Yvonne Y Cheung, Elizabeth A Mort, Sonali Desai, Charles A Morris, Madelyn Pearson, Sunil Eappen, Ronen Rozenblum, and Mallika Mendu.
• Division of General Internal Medicine and Primary Care, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. ICHUA@bwh.harvard.edu.
• J Gen Intern Med. 2024 Feb 1; 39 (2): 263271263-271.

BackgroundToxic work culture contributes to healthcare worker burnout and attrition, but little is known about how healthcare organizations can systematically create and promote a culture of civility and collegiality.ObjectiveTo analyze peer-to-peer positive feedback collected as part of a systematized mortality review survey to identify themes and recognition dynamics that can inform positive organizational culture change.DesignConvergent mixed-methods study design.ParticipantsA total of 388 physicians, 212 registered nurses, 64 advanced practice providers, and 1 respiratory therapist at four non-profit hospitals (2 academic and 2 community).InterventionProviding optional positive feedback in the mortality review survey.Main MeasuresKey themes and subthemes that emerged from positive feedback data, associations between key themes and positive feedback respondent characteristics, and recognition dynamics between positive feedback respondents and recipients.Key ResultsApproximately 20% of healthcare workers provided positive feedback. Three key themes emerged among responses with free text comments: (1) providing extraordinary patient and family-centered care; (2) demonstrating self-possession and mastery; and (3) exhibiting empathic peer support and effective team collaboration. Compared to other specialties, most positive feedback from medicine (70.2%), neurology (65.2%), hospice and palliative medicine (64.3%), and surgery (58.8%) focused on providing extraordinary patient and family-centered care (p = 0.02), whereas emergency medicine (59.1%) comments predominantly focused on demonstrating self-possession and mastery (p = 0.06). Registered nurses (40.2%) provided multidirectional positive feedback more often than other clinician types in the hospital hierarchy (p < 0.001).ConclusionsAnalysis of positive feedback from a mortality review survey provided meaningful insights into a health system's culture of teamwork and values related to civility and collegiality when providing end-of-life care. Systematic collection and sharing of positive feedback is feasible and has the potential to promote positive culture change and improve healthcare worker well-being.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Society of General Internal Medicine.

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