• Se Jin Lee, You Jung Han, Minhyoung Kim, Jae-Yoon Shim, Mi-Young Lee, Soo-Young Oh, JoonHo Lee, Soo Hyun Kim, Dong Hyun Cha, Geum Joon Cho, Han-Sung Kwon, Byoung Jae Kim, Mi Hye Park, Hee Young Cho, Hyun Sun Ko, Ji Hye Bae, Chan-Wook Park, Joong Shin Park, Jong Kwan Jun, Sohee Oh, Da Rae Lee, Hyun Mee Ryu, and Seung Mi Lee.
• Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
• J. Korean Med. Sci. 2023 Sep 25; 38 (38): e300e300.

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of vanishing twin (VT) on maternal serum marker concentrations and nuchal translucency (NT).MethodsThis is a secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective cohort study in 12 institutions. Serum concentrations of pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A in the first trimester and alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), total human chorionic gonadotrophin, unconjugated estriol, and inhibin A in the second trimester were measured, and NT was measured between 10 and 14 weeks of gestation.ResultsAmong 6,793 pregnant women, 5,381 women were measured for serum markers in the first or second trimester, including 65 cases in the VT group and 5,316 cases in the normal singleton group. The cases in the VT group had a higher median multiple of the median value of AFP and inhibin A than the normal singleton group. The values of other serum markers and NT were not different between the two groups. After the permutation test with adjustment, AFP and inhibin A remained significant differences. The frequency of abnormally increased AFP was also higher in the VT group than in the normal singleton group.ConclusionVT can be considered as an adjustment factor for risk assessment in the second-trimester serum screening test.© 2023 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences.

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