• Minhao Qiu, Xiaoying Zhou, Maddalena Zippi, Hemant Goyal, Zarrin Basharat, Mateusz Jagielski, and Wandong Hong.
• Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
• Ann. Med. 2023 Jan 1; 55 (2): 22659392265939.

AbstractIt is well known, that the inflammatory process that characterizes acute pancreatitis (AP) can lead to both pancreatic damage and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). During the last 20 years, there has been a growing incidence of episodes of acute pancreatitis associated with hypertriglyceridaemia (HTAP). This review provides an overview of triglyceride metabolism and the potential mechanisms that may contribute to developing or exacerbating HTAP. The article comprehensively discusses the various pathological roles of free fatty acid, inflammatory response mechanisms, the involvement of microcirculation, serum calcium overload, oxidative stress and the endoplasmic reticulum, genetic polymorphism, and gut microbiota, which are known to trigger or escalate this condition. Future perspectives on HTAP appear promising, with ongoing research focused on developing more specific and effective treatment strategies.

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