• Rena E Courtney, Mary J Schadegg, Rendelle Bolton, Stephanie Smith, and Samantha M Harden.
• PREVAIL Center for Chronic Pain, Salem, VA Health Care System, Salem, Virginia; Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Salem, Virginia. Electronic address: rena.courtney2@va.gov.
• Pain Manag Nurs. 2024 Feb 1; 25 (1): 697469-74.

AbstractChronic pain affects over 50 million Americans per year and costs society billions of dollars annually. It is widely accepted that the biomedical model is outdated and research on the biopsychosocial model of chronic pain has increased in recent years, concurrent with investigations into self-management of chronic pain. The Veterans Health Administration (VHA) has incorporated both of these approaches into their Whole Health System. This work describes the VHA Whole Health System, reviews the literature on alignment between the Whole Health System's Circle of Health and chronic pain, and explains how the VHA Whole Health model may be used as a method for organizing self-management strategies within a personal health plan in the context of chronic pain. Given the infusion of nurses throughout the healthcare system, nurses are in a unique position to champion this biopsychosocial-spiritual approach to care.Published by Elsevier Inc.

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