• Melissa L New, Timothy Amass, Anna Neumeier, and Tristan J Huie.
• Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO; Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, Aurora, CO. Electronic address: Melissa.New@cuanschutz.edu.
• Chest. 2024 Mar 1; 165 (3): 645652645-652.

BackgroundMassive hemoptysis is a rare, high-acuity presentation, which requires the integration of both cognitive and procedural skills. Simulation has been recommended to improve preparation for high-acuity, low-occurrence procedures; however, the effect of a simulation curriculum for massive hemoptysis management has never been investigated.Research QuestionDoes simulation for hemoptysis management improve competence?Study Design And MethodsKern's six steps for medical education curriculum design were used iteratively to develop a simulation curriculum for the management of massive hemoptysis. Pulmonary and critical care medicine fellows from the University of Colorado participated in a local needs assessment and a massive hemoptysis simulation curriculum. Using a manikin-based massive hemoptysis simulator developed for this curriculum, the simulation session used repetitive practice, clinical variation, a range of difficulties, and directed feedback in a group practice setting. Time to management and performance were assessed for each management attempt; competence was assessed using a combined metric of management-related priorities and global entrustment.ResultsDuring the needs assessment, fellows viewed massive hemoptysis management skills as important, while expressing their current confidence as low. Nineteen fellows participated in a 90-min case-based hemoptysis simulation during which each was exposed to five different cases and acted as the primary manager for two cases. There was significant improvement in performance from the first to final simulation attempts measured by time to successful management (14.24 vs 10.26 min, P = .0067) and entrustment (Global Assessment Scale, 1 [should not perform] to 5 [independent]; 4.11 vs 4.61; P = .015). Fellow self-assessed knowledge and confidence in hemoptysis management and endobronchial blocker placement improved significantly after the simulation.InterpretationHemoptysis simulation experience improves fellow confidence and skill for management of this high-acuity, low-occurrence presentation.Published by Elsevier Inc.

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