• Samuel J Martínez-Domínguez, Sandra García-Mateo, Carla J Gargallo-Puyuelo, Beatriz Gallego Llera, Engy Refaie, Pilar Callau, Carolina Mendi, Pedro M Baptista, María Hernández Ainsa, María Teresa Arroyo-Villarino, Julia López de la Cruz, Javier Martínez-García, Erika Alfambra, Miguel Ángel Simón Marco, Javier Ampuero, and Fernando Gomollón.
• Department of Gastroenterology, Lozano Blesa University Hospital, Zaragoza 50009, Spain; Aragón Health Research Institute (IIS Aragón), Zaragoza 50009, Spain; School of Medicine, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50009, Spain. Electronic address: sjmartinezdo@salud.aragon.es.
• Eur. J. Intern. Med. 2024 Feb 1; 120: 9910699-106.

Background And AimsControversial data have been reported regarding the prevalence of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) population and IBD-related risk factors. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence and risk factors associated with NAFLD and liver fibrosis in IBD participants compared with non-IBD controls.MethodsCross-sectional, case-control study including 741 IBD cases and 170 non-IBD controls, matched by sex and age. All participants underwent liver ultrasound, transient elastography and laboratory tests. A logistic regression multivariable analysis was performed adjusting for classic metabolic risk factors and history of systemic steroid use.ResultsThe prevalence of NAFLD and significant liver fibrosis was 45 % and 10 % in IBD group, and 40 % and 2.9 % in non-IBD group (p = 0.255 and 0.062, respectively). Longer IBD duration (aOR 1.02 95% CI (1.001-1.04)) and older age at IBD diagnosis (aOR 1.02 95 % CI (1.001-1.04)) were independent risk factors for NAFLD in IBD group. Crohn´s Disease was an independent risk factor for significant liver fibrosis in participants with IBD and NAFLD (aOR 3.97 95 % CI (1.78-8.96)). NAFLD occurred at lower BMI levels in IBD group with NAFLD compared to non-IBD group with NAFLD (aOR 0.92 95 % CI (0.87-0.98)).ConclusionsAlthough we found no differences in the prevalence of NAFLD and liver fibrosis between IBD group and non-IBD group, our findings suggest that liver fibrosis progression should be closely monitored in patients with concomitant CD and NAFLD, more in particular in those with long standing active disease.Copyright © 2023 European Federation of Internal Medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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