• Se Ju Lee, Dajeong Kim, Hea Won Ann, Min Han, Jung Ah Lee, Yongseop Lee, Sangmin Ahn, Hwi Won Seo, Jung Ho Kim, Jin Young Ahn, Su Jin Jeong, Nam Su Ku, Joon-Sup Yeom, Choong-Min Ryu, and Jun Yong Choi.
• Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
• Shock. 2024 Jan 1; 61 (1): 283328-33.

AbstractIntroduction: Gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with susceptibility to sepsis and poor outcomes. However, changes to the intestinal microbiota during sepsis and their value as biomarkers are unclear. In this study, we compared the intestinal microbiota of patients with sepsis and healthy controls. Methods: Stool was collected from patients with sepsis (subdivided according to mortality) and controls. Microbiome diversity and composition were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene pyrosequencing. The α-diversity of the intestinal microbiome was determined using operational taxonomic unit counts and the Chao1, Shannon, and ACE indices. Adjusted Cox regression analyses assessed 6-month mortality risk factors. Results: Fifty-nine patients (14 in-hospital deaths) and 29 healthy controls were enrolled. Operational taxonomic unit counts and Chao1 and ACE indices were lower in the nonsurvivor than in the other groups. The controls showed a higher Shannon and lower Simpson index than did the sepsis group. The genus Blautia was more abundant in controls than in the sepsis group, and Faecalibacterium less abundant in the nonsurvivor than in the other groups. Regression analysis associated low Shannon index with 6-month mortality. Conclusions: Survivors of sepsis, nonsurvivors, and healthy controls have different gut microbiomes, and a low Shannon index is a risk factor for 6-month mortality.Copyright © 2023 by the Shock Society.

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