• Shuai Yuan, Lintao Dan, Yao Zhang, Jing Wu, Jianhui Zhao, Miia Kivipelto, Jie Chen, Jonas F Ludvigsson, Xue Li, and Susanna C Larsson.
• Department of Big Data in Health Science, School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
• Am J Prev Med. 2024 Mar 1; 66 (3): 516525516-525.

IntroductionAlthough digestive system disease affects gut microbiota and their metabolites associated with dementia risk, the association between digestive system diseases and incident dementia has not yet been established.MethodsThis cohort analysis included 458,181 participants free of baseline dementia in the UK Biobank (2006-2021). The associations of 14 digestive system diseases with dementia incidence were examined in 2022 using Cox proportional hazards regression models. Analyses were performed to differentiate the associations for early-onset (age <65 years) and late-onset (age ≥65 years) dementia. Interaction and stratification analyses were performed for polygenic risk score and APOE.ResultsDuring a median follow-up of 12.4 years, 6,415 incident dementia cases were diagnosed. Eleven digestive system diseases showed significant associations with an increased risk of dementia after controlling for covariates and multiple testing. Compared with hazard ratios for individuals without digestive system diseases, the hazard ratios of dementia increased from 1.15 (95% confidence interval=1.09, 1.23) for patients with intestinal diverticular disease to 2.31 (95% confidence interval=1.98, 2.70) for patients with cirrhosis. The associations were different between certain digestive system diseases and dementia by onset age. The associations appeared to be stronger for cirrhosis (Q=0.001), irritable bowel syndrome (Q<0.001), gastritis and duodenitis (Q=0.002), gastroesophageal reflux disease (Q<0.001), ulcerative colitis (Q=0.047), gallbladder disease (Q=0.012), and peptic ulcer (Q=0.030) with early-onset dementia. There were no interactions for polygenic risk score or APOE (p>0.05).ConclusionsThese findings suggest an increased need for dementia prevention among patients with digestive system diseases.Copyright © 2023 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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