• Shouxing Xu, Huiling He, and Meijuan Jiang.
• Shouxing Xu, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Department of Ultrasound Medicine, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China.
• Pak J Med Sci. 2023 Nov 1; 39 (6): 166116651661-1665.

ObjectiveTo compare the effect of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) and conventional ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) on benign thyroid nodules (BTNs).MethodsIn this retrospective observational study, the data of 72 patients with BTNs who received RFA treatment in The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2020 to December 2021 were retrospectively reviewed and selected. The records showed that 34 patients received RFA under the guidance of conventional ultrasound (conventional ultrasound group) and 38 patients received RFA under the guidance of CEUS (CEUS group). The effect of treatment, complications and recurrence of the two groups were compared and analyzed.ResultsThere was a smaller volume of thyroid nodules in the two groups immediately post-operation. The incidence of complications was lower in the CEUS group (5.26%) compared to the conventional ultrasound group (23.53%) (P<0.05). The recurrence rate at 6-months (0.00% vs 11.76%) and 12- months (2.63% vs 20.59%) post-operation was lower in the CEUS group compared to the conventional ultrasound group (P<0.05).ConclusionsCompared with conventional ultrasound, CEUS-guided RFA is effective in treating BTNs, with smaller postoperative nodule volume, reduced occurrence of surgical complications, and reduced recurrence rate of thyroid nodules.Copyright: © Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences.

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