• Fernanda Serafim Nakutis, Iêda Nishitokukado, Fabiana Maria Dos Santos, Carmen Lucia Ortiz-Agostinho, Daniel Teixeira de Alencar, Cassiana Ganem Achtschin, Valeria Sutti Nunes, André Zonetti Arruda Leite, and Aytan Miranda Sipahi.
• Laboratory of Experimental Clinical Gastroenterology (LIM-07), Division of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo (HCFMUSP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
• Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2023 Jan 1; 78: 100305100305.

IntroductionTreatments of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) are able to control symptoms in most cases, however, a fraction of patients do not improve or have a loss of response to treatments, making it important to explore new therapeutic strategies. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) may represent one of them. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of HBO therapy in an experimental model of IBD.MethodsSixty male BALBc mice were divided into six groups. Group 1 was colitis-induced with trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) + ethanol, group 2 received TNBS + ethanol plus HBO, group 3 received only ethanol, group 4 received ethanol plus HBO, group 5 received saline solution, and group 6 received saline solution plus HBO. HBO was performed for four days, subsequently, the mice were evaluated daily. At the end of the study, samples from the intestine were collected for histological analysis as well as for measurement of antioxidant enzymes and cytokine levels.ResultsHBO significantly improved the clinical and histological status of the animals. Treatment with HBO increased the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in all of the groups; moreover, the difference was only significant between the TNBS and TNBS + HBO groups and treatments promoted a reduction in the proinflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, IL-12, IL-17 and TNF-α and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-10, with no changes in IL-13.ConclusionHBO effectively treats TNBS-induced colitis by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes and modulating cytokine profiles.Copyright © 2023 HCFMUSP. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

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