• Maria Esther Suarez Alpire, SouzaDaniel Vitor deDV0000-0002-0999-5847Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Departamento de Biociências - Santos (SP), Brazil., Carolina Marquez da Costa Brites Masutti, Marcos Montani Caseiro, and Daniel Araki Ribeiro.
• Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Instituto de Saúde e Sociedade, Departamento de Biociências - Santos (SP), Brazil.
• Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992). 2023 Jan 1; 69 (12): e20230961e20230961.

ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate cytogenetic changes in individuals submitted to oral human immunodeficiency virus pre-exposure prophylaxis use through the micronucleus test in oral mucosa.MethodsThis study consisted of 37 individuals, of whom 17 comprised the pre-exposure prophylaxis group and 20 comprised the control group. A total of 2,000 cells per slide were analyzed for the determination of micronuclei, binucleation, nuclear buds, and cytotoxicity parameters: pyknosis, karyolysis, and karyorrhexis (KR), in a double-blind manner. The repair index was also evaluated in this setting.ResultsIn the mutagenicity parameters, the pre-exposure prophylaxis group showed increased frequencies of micronuclei (p=0.0001), binucleation (p=0.001), and nuclear buds (p=0.07). Regarding the cytotoxicity parameters, there was an increase with a statistical difference (p≤0.05) in the karyorrhexis frequency (p=0.001). Additionally, the repair system efficiency decreased in the pre-exposure prophylaxis group.ConclusionThese results indicate that individuals undergoing pre-exposure prophylaxis use have geno- and cytotoxicity in oral mucosal cells.

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