• Tatsuya Ishikawa, Fusao Ikawa, Nao Ichihara, Koji Yamaguchi, Takayuki Funatsu, Hirofumi Nakatomi, Yoshiaki Shiokawa, Takatoshi Sorimachi, Yuichi Murayama, Kaima Suzuki, Hiroki Kurita, Hitoshi Fukuda, Tetsuya Ueba, Norihito Shimamura, Hiroki Ohkuma, Jun Morioka, Ichiro Nakahara, Minami Uezato, Masaki Chin, and Takakazu Kawamata.
• Department of Neurosurgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan.
• Neurosurgery. 2023 Dec 1.

Background And ObjectivesThe differences in clinical outcomes between endovascular coiling (EC) and surgical clipping (SC) in patients with poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) are controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate whether EC is superior to SC and identify risk factors in patients with poor-grade aSAH.MethodsWe used data from the "Predict for Outcome Study of aneurysmal SubArachnoid Hemorrhage." World Federation of Neurological Societies (WFNS) grade III-V aSAH was defined as poor-grade aSAH, and unfavorable clinical outcomes (modified Rankin Scale scores 3-6) were compared between SC and EC after propensity score matching (PSM). In-hospital mortality was similarly evaluated. Predictors of unfavorable clinical outcomes were identified using multivariable analysis.ResultsUltimately, 1326 (SC: 847, EC: 479) and 632 (SC: 316, EC: 316) patients with poor-grade aSAH were included before and after PSM, respectively. Unfavorable clinical outcomes at discharge were significantly different between SC and EC before (72.0% vs 66.2%, P = .026) and after PSM (70.6% vs 63.3%, P = .025). In-hospital mortality was significantly different between groups before PSM (10.5% vs 16.1%, P = .003) but not after PSM (10.4% vs 12.7%, P = .384). Predictors of unfavorable clinical outcomes in both SC and EC were WFNS grade V, older than 70 years, and Fisher computed tomography (CT) grade 4. Predictors of unfavorable clinical outcomes only in SC were WFNS grade IV (odds ratio: 2.46, 95% CI: 1.22-4.97, P = .012) and Fisher CT grade 3 (4.90, 1.42-16.9, P = .012). Predictors of unfavorable clinical outcome only in EC were ages of 50s (3.35, 1.37-8.20, P = .008) and 60s (3.28, 1.43-7.52, P = .005).ConclusionEC resulted in significantly more favorable clinical outcomes than SC in patients with poor-grade aSAH, without clear differences in in-hospital mortality. The benefit of EC over SC might be particularly remarkable in patients with WFNS grade IV and Fisher CT grade 3.Copyright © Congress of Neurological Surgeons 2023. All rights reserved.

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