• Chen Li and Chun Zhang.
• Department of Breast Surgery, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Dec 1; 102 (48): e36405e36405.

RationaleBreast malignant phyllodes tumors (MPT) are quite uncommon. It is rarely reported that they occur in conjunction with breast cancer. We detailed a case in which an MPT and ductal carcinoma in situ carcinoma occurred simultaneously in 2 different breasts.Patient ConcernsA 79-year-old female patient was seen for a rapidly growing lump in the upper left quadrant of her breast. The lump was described as huge, hard, irregular, and palpable. MRI of the breasts revealed a big mass in the left breast and a smaller lump in the right.DiagnosisDuctal carcinoma in situ with breast MPT.InterventionsWe performed a double mastectomy. Post-operative endocrine treatment was suggested.OutcomesDuring the 18-month follow-up period, no signs of recurrence or metastasis were seen. The ultrasound examination of the chest wall showed no abnormality. Bilateral axillary and supraclavicular ultrasonography showed no lymphadenectasis and a CT scan of the lungs showed no suspicious cancer nodules.LessonsIt is possible for MPT and ductal carcinoma in situ to occur simultaneously in different breasts. Surgeons need to integrate clinical observations, imaging tools, and patient history to make an early diagnosis. Before undergoing surgery, a thorough examination of both breasts is required.Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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