• Sara DelOlmo-Romero, Irene Medina-Martínez, Rocio Gil-Gutierrez, Gabriela Pocovi-Gerardino, María Correa-Rodríguez, Norberto Ortego-Centeno, and Blanca Rueda-Medina.
• Institute of Biomedical Research (IBS), Granada, Spain; Nursing Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Granada, Granada, Spain. Electronic address: sdelolmo@correo.ugr.es.
• Med Clin (Barc). 2024 Mar 22; 162 (6): 259264259-264.

Background And AimsMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a chronic proinflammatory and prothrombotic condition that exacerbates insulin resistance, oxidative damage, and cardiovascular risk, being more prevalent in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a chronic multisystemic autoimmune disorder. This study aim was to determine the prevalence of MetS and associations with SLE clinical characteristics, cardiovascular risk and dietary pattern in a population of Spanish SLE patients.Design And MethodsCross-sectional study of 293 patients was conducted (90.4% females; mean age 46.8 (12.94)). The diagnosis of MetS was established based on the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III. SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI-2K) and SDI Damage Index were used to assess disease activity and disease-related damage, respectively. Med Diet adherence was assessed through a 14 items questionnaire on food consumption frequency and habits.ResultsMetS was present in 15% SLE patients. Triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and waist circumference were significantly increased (p<0.001) in the group of MetS patients. Patients with MetS showed significantly increased SDI damage index (1.70 (1.69) vs 0.88 (1.12), p<0.001) and complement C3 level (118.70 (32.67) vs 107.55 (26.82), p=0.011). No significant differences were observed according to Med Diet adherence level.ConclusionWe observed a lower prevalence of MetS in SLE than that reported in previous studies, which may be a result of the good level of adherence to the MedDiet in our study sample. Additionally, MetS was associated with higher SDI and complement C3 levels but no with medication use.Copyright © 2023 Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.

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