• Kang Ke, Xia Chi, Hong Lv, Jing Zhao, Yangqian Jiang, Tao Jiang, Qun Lu, Yun Qiu, Shiyao Tao, Rui Qin, Lei Huang, Xin Xu, Cong Liu, Yuanyan Dou, Bo Huang, Bo Xu, Hongxia Ma, Guangfu Jin, Hongbing Shen, Zhibin Hu, Yuan Lin, and Jiangbo Du.
• State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China; Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
• Am J Prev Med. 2024 Apr 1; 66 (4): 698706698-706.

IntroductionExclusive breastfeeding is advantageous for infant neurodevelopment. Nevertheless, insufficient human milk supply in exclusively breastfed infants may elevate the risk of neonatal jaundice, which can potentially result in neurological harm. Whether mothers should adhere to exclusive breastfeeding in infants with neonatal jaundice remains unclear.MethodsData comes from the Jiangsu Birth Cohort (JBC), a prospective and longitudinal birth cohort study in China. A total of 2,577 infants born from November 2017 to March 2021 were included in the analysis. Multivariate linear regression models were used to analyze the associations between breastfeeding status, neonatal jaundice, and their interaction with infant neurodevelopment. Analysis was performed in 2022.ResultsCompared with "exclusive breastfeeding," fine motor scores of infants were lower for "mixed feeding" (βadj, -0.16; 95% CI, -0.29 to -0.03; p=0.016) and "no breastfeeding" (βadj, -0.41; 95% CI, -0.79 to -0.03; p=0.034). Compared with "no neonatal jaundice," infants with "severe neonatal jaundice" had lower scores for cognition (βadj, -0.44; 95% CI, -0.66 to -0.23; p<0.001) and fine motor (βadj, -0.19; 95% CI, -0.35 to -0.03; p=0.024). In infants with severe neonatal jaundice, the termination of exclusive breastfeeding before 6 months was associated with worse cognition (βadj, -0.28; 95% CI, -0.57 to 0.01), while this association was not observed in those without neonatal jaundice (βadj, 0.09; 95% CI, -0.26 to 0.43).ConclusionsExclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months is beneficial to the neurodevelopment of infants, especially in those with severe neonatal jaundice.Copyright © 2023 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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