• Mengxin Zhang, Xi Zhang, Shuiqing Chi, Xiaopan Chang, Jixiao Zeng, Hongqiang Bian, Guoqing Cao, Shuai Li, Ying Zhou, Liying Rong, and Shao-Tao Tang.
• Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
• Ann. Surg. 2023 Dec 11.

ObjectiveTo compare the surgical outcomes of robotic-assisted proctosigmoidectomy (RAP) and laparoscopic-assisted Soave pull-through (LAP) for children with Hirschsprung's disease (HD).Summary Background DataLAP and RAP have been developed for minimally invasive pull-through of HD, but the clinical benefits of robotic-assisted versus laparoscopic-assisted approaches have yet to be proven in a multicenter prospective study.MethodsThis study was a prospective multicenter clinical trial conducted on children with rectosigmoid/descending HD from July 2015 to June 2022, with registration in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (ChiCTR2000035220). The primary outcome was the medium-term functional outcomes in children aged ≥4 years based on bowel functional scores, which were assessed and compared between LAP and RAP.ResultsA total of 328 consecutive patients (RAP=165, LAP=163) were approached who were considered eligible for elective minimally invasive endorectal pull-through, and 219 patients aged ≥4 years of age completed follow-up (RAP=109, LAP=110). The transanal dissection length and anal traction time were significantly shorter in RAP than those in LAP (0.30 cm vs. 3.70 cm, P <0.001; 45 min vs. 62 min, P <0.001). The RAP group had significantly lower urinary retention rate (0% vs. 5.52%, P=0.006), while other short-term results between two groups were not significantly different. The medium-term overall BFS scores were comparable between two groups; however, among the subgroup of children aged ≤ 3 months at surgery, the RAP group had better anal canal resting pressure at one year postoperatively and amounted to better annual POFC scores at 4-7 years old postoperatively (all P <0.05).ConclusionsRAP and LAP should have similar medium-term bowel functional outcomes in HD children, but RAP may be associated with a slight functional benefit in infants operated on below age 3 months, requiring further investigation in larger case cohorts.Copyright © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

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