• Xin Tong, Mary G George, Quanhe Yang, and Cathleen Gillespie.
• Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
• Int J Stroke. 2014 Aug 1;9(6):728-34.

BackgroundLimited studies exist on the outcome of thrombolytic therapy of acute ischemic stroke patients outside of clinical trials.AimTo assess the possible risk factors associated with in-hospital death and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage among patients who received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator.MethodsA total of 7193 patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke and a documented National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score were treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator within 4·5 hours of time last known to be well. Generalized estimating equations modeling was used to assess the associations of in-hospital death and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage with clinical characteristics.ResultsAmong 7193 patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator, 516 (7·2%) died during hospitalization. Factors associated with in-hospital death were older age, male gender, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, history of myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease, and history of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Increasing age, higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, and history of dyslipidemia were associated with symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. There was no difference in the rates of in-hospital death or symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage among patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator within three-hours of time last known to be well and those treated between three and 4·5 hours after this time.ConclusionsIn this study of acute ischemic stroke patients, older age, male gender, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, history of myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease, and history of atrial fibrillation were associated with increased in-hospital death among patients receiving intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. Among patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator, in-hospital mortality and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage rates were similar between those treated within three-hours of time last known to be well and those treated between three and 4·5 hours after this time.© 2013 The Authors. International Journal of Stroke © 2013 World Stroke Organization.

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