• Jia Li, Juan P Wisnivesky, Jenny J Lin, Kirk N Campbell, Liangyuan Hu, and Minal S Kale.
• Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L. Levy Pl, New York, NY, 10029, USA. jia.li@icahn.mssm.edu.
• J Gen Intern Med. 2024 Aug 1; 39 (10): 182018271820-1827.

BackgroundRecent studies have reported a reduction in health-related quality of life (HR-QoL) among post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. However, there remains a gap in research examining the heterogeneity and determinants of HR-QoL trajectory in these patients.ObjectiveTo describe and identify factors explaining the variability in HR-QoL trajectories among a cohort of patients with history of COVID-19.DesignA prospective study using data from a cohort of COVID-19 patients enrolled into a registry established at a health system in New York City.ParticipantsParticipants were enrolled from July 2020 to June 2022, and completed a baseline evaluation and two follow-up visits at 6 and 12 months.MethodsWe assessed HR-QoL with the 29-item Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System instrument, which was summarized into mental and physical health domains. We performed latent class growth and multinomial logistic regression to examine trajectories of HR-QoL and identify factors associated with specific trajectories.ResultsThe study included 588 individuals with a median age of 52 years, 65% female, 54% White, 18% Black, and 18% Hispanic. We identified five physical health trajectories and four mental health trajectories. Female gender, having pre-existing hypertension, cardiovascular disease, asthma, and hospitalization for acute COVID-19 were independently associated with lower physical health. In addition, patients with increasing body mass index were more likely to experience lower physical health over time. Female gender, younger age, pre-existing asthma, arthritis and cardiovascular disease were associated with poor mental health.ConclusionsWe found significant heterogeneity of HR-QoL after COVID-19, with women and patients with specific comorbidities at increased risk of lower HR-QoL. Implementation of targeted psychological and physical interventions is crucial for enhancing the quality of life of this patient population.© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Society of General Internal Medicine.

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