• Kareem El Naamani, Basel Musmar, Nithin Gupta, Osama Ikhdour, Hammam Abdelrazeq, Marc Ghanem, Murad H Wali, Jad El-Hajj, Abdulaziz Alhussein, Reyoof Alhussein, Stavropoula I Tjoumakaris, Michael R Gooch, Robert H Rosenwasser, Pascal M Jabbour, and Nabeel A Herial.
• Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
• World Neurosurg. 2024 Apr 1; 184: 152215-22.

BackgroundThe emergence of artificial intelligence (AI) has significantly influenced the diagnostic evaluation of stroke and has revolutionized acute stroke care delivery. The scientific evidence evaluating the role of AI, especially in areas of stroke treatment and rehabilitation is limited but continues to accumulate. We performed a systemic review of current scientific evidence evaluating the use of AI in stroke evaluation and care and examined the publication trends during the past decade.MethodsA systematic search of electronic databases was conducted to identify all studies published from 2012 to 2022 that incorporated AI in any aspect of stroke care. Studies not directly relevant to stroke care in the context of AI and duplicate studies were excluded. The level of evidence and publication trends were examined.ResultsA total of 623 studies were examined, including 101 reviews (16.2%), 9 meta-analyses (1.4%), 140 original articles on AI methodology (22.5%), 2 case reports (0.3%), 2 case series (0.3%), 31 case-control studies (5%), 277 cohort studies (44.5%), 16 cross-sectional studies (2.6%), and 45 experimental studies (7.2%). The highest published area of AI in stroke was diagnosis (44.1%) and the lowest was rehabilitation (12%). A 10-year trend analysis revealed a significant increase in AI literature in stroke care.ConclusionsMost research on AI is in the diagnostic area of stroke care, with a recent noteworthy trend of increased research focus on stroke treatment and rehabilitation.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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