• Jia Cui, Xiuju Li, Yong Yu, Feng Xue, Jiakai Tian, and Qinghu Yan.
• Department of Ultrasound, Shandong Public Health Clinical Center, Shandong University Jinan, Shandong, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2023 Dec 29; 102 (52): e36344e36344.

AbstractThis study aimed to investigate the diagnostic utility of percutaneous ultrasound-guided needle biopsy conjunction with GeneXpert MTB/RIF for epididymal tuberculosis. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the pathological and laboratory examinations of 20 patients with epididymal lesions undergoing ultrasound guided biopsy at Shandong Public Health Clinical Center. Laboratory examination included acid-fast staining, Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture by BACTEC MGIT 960, and GeneXpert MTB/RIF test. Diagnosis and complications were comprehensively analyzed. Among the 20 patients, 15 had epididymal tuberculosis and 5 had non-epididymal tuberculosis. Ten patients had granulomatous inflammation and necrotic tissues. The sensitivity and specificity of acid-fast staining, Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture, and GeneXpert MTB/RIF for the diagnosis of epididymis tuberculosis were 26.67% and 100.00%, 33.33% and 100.00%, and 86.67% and 100.00%, respectively. The diagnostic value analysis of the 3 detection techniques indicated that the GeneXpert MTB/RIF technique (Kappa = 0.765, Area under the curve (AUC) = 0.933) was superior to Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture (Kappa = 0.200, AUC = 0.667) and acid-fast staining (Kappa = 0.154, AUC = 0.633). Ultrasound-guided percutaneous biopsy is a safe procedure. The GeneXpert MTB/RIF test has high sensitivity, specificity, and superior AUC value, which are of great value in the diagnosis of epididymal tuberculosis and rifampicin resistance detection.Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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