• Chenming Liu, Yuxing Liu, Jiayao Zhang, Yingjie Chai, Baochun Lu, and Haijun Tang.
• Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital, Shaoxing, China.
• Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 Jan 12; 103 (2): e36926e36926.

RationalePrimary hepatic mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma is a rare malignant primary hepatic lymphoma. The sensible choice of treatment for patients with primary lymphoma combined with atrial fibrillation (AF) is controversial and challenging.Patient ConcernsThe patient presented with both primary hepatic MALT lymphoma and AF, which was difficult to manage.DiagnosesPathological and immunohistochemical examination are helpful for definitive diagnosis.InterventionsSurgical resection and subsequent anticoagulant therapy are main treatment methods, and adjuvant therapy depends on the situation.OutcomesPrimary hepatic MALT lymphoma is easy to misdiagnosis due to a lack of typical symptoms and imaging signs.LessonsThis case highlights for patients with primary hepatic MALT lymphoma combined with AF, toxicity caused by adjuvant chemotherapy should be fully considered, and careful selection should be made based on the general conditions and complications of patients.Copyright © 2024 the Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.

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