• Reg Anesth Pain Med · Feb 2024

    Emergence of xylazine as a public health threat: what does the anesthesiologist need to know for perioperative care?

    • Pawan K Solanki, Samir Yellapragada, Brendan Lynch, Maria Eibel, Eugene R Viscusi, and Trent Emerick.
    • Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Chronic Pain Division, UPMC, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA solankipk3@upmc.edu.
    • Reg Anesth Pain Med. 2024 Feb 5.

    AbstractThis paper explores the rapid emergence of xylazine exposure in the USA and its implications for anesthesiologists. Xylazine, a non-opioid sedative and analgesic often used in veterinary medicine, has increasingly been found as an adulterant in the illicit substance supply, leading to serious health implications. The pharmacological properties of xylazine, its clinical effects, and the challenges it poses for clinicans will be discussed. Perioperative strategies for anesthesiologists to manage these potential cases are provided. Furthermore, this paper necessitates an epidemiological understanding for detection and multidisciplinary collaboration in addressing this emerging public health threat. The manuscript concludes by emphasizing the role anesthesiologists will have to play in managing the clinical implications of xylazine and contributing to public health strategies aimed at curbing its misuse.© American Society of Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

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