• J. Korean Med. Sci. · Jan 2024

    Effectiveness of Bivalent mRNA Booster Vaccine Against COVID-19 in Korea.

    • Jin Gu Yoon, Jang Wook Sohn, Won Suk Choi, Seong-Heon Wie, Jacob Lee, Jin-Soo Lee, Hye Won Jeong, Joong Sik Eom, Hye Seong, Eliel Nham, Yu Jung Choi, Ji Yun Noh, Joon Young Song, Hee Jin Cheong, and Woo Joo Kim.
    • Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
    • J. Korean Med. Sci. 2024 Jan 22; 39 (3): e15e15.

    BackgroundBivalent booster mRNA vaccines containing the omicron-variant strains have been introduced worldwide in the autumn of 2022. Nevertheless, the omicron subvariants evoked another large coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic wave in late 2022 and early 2023.MethodsA retrospective, test-negative, case-control study was conducted to estimate the vaccine effectiveness (VE) of bivalent COVID-19 vaccines in 8 university hospitals between January and February 2023. The case and control groups were divided based on nasopharyngeal COVID-19 real-time polymerase chain reaction results and matched based on age, sex, hospital, and date (week) of the test performed. The VE of the BA.1- or BA.4/BA.5-based mRNA vaccines were estimated. VE was calculated using the 1-adjusted odds ratio from multivariable logistic regression.ResultsIn total, 949 patients and 947 controls were enrolled in this study. VE for the BA.4/BA.5-based bivalent mRNA vaccine was 43% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17, 61%). In subgroup analysis based on age and underlying medical conditions, BA.4/BA.5-based bivalent mRNA vaccine was effective against old adults aged ≥ 65-years (VE, 55%; 95% CI, 23, 73%) and individuals with comorbidities (VE, 54%; 95% CI, 23, 73%). In comparison, the BA.1-based bivalent mRNA vaccine did not demonstrate statistically significant effectiveness (VE, 25%; 95% CI, -8, 49%).ConclusionThe BA.4/BA.5-based bivalent mRNA booster vaccine provided significant protection against COVID-19 in the Korean adults, especially in the older adults aged ≥ 65 years and in individuals with underlying medical conditions.© 2024 The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences.

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