• Yu-Wen Cheng, Yen-Ju Lin, Yung-Shuan Lin, Wei-Pin Hong, Yi-Chun Kuan, Kuan-Yi Wu, Jung-Lung Hsu, Pei-Ning Wang, Ming-Chyi Pai, Cheng-Sheng Chen, Jong-Ling Fuh, Chaur-Jong Hu, and Ming-Jang Chiu.
• Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
• J Formos Med Assoc. 2024 Jan 30.

AbstractBlood-based biomarkers (BBM) are potentially powerful tools that assist in the biological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in vivo with minimal invasiveness, relatively low cost, and good accessibility. This review summarizes current evidence for using BBMs in AD, focusing on amyloid, tau, and biomarkers for neurodegeneration. Blood-based phosphorylated tau and the Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio showed consistent concordance with brain pathology measured by CSF or PET in the research setting. In addition, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) are neurodegenerative biomarkers that show the potential to assist in the differential diagnosis of AD. Other pathology-specific biomarkers, such as α-synuclein and TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43), can potentially detect AD concurrent pathology. Based on current evidence, the working group from the Taiwan Dementia Society (TDS) achieved consensus recommendations on the appropriate use of BBMs for AD in clinical practice. BBMs may assist clinical diagnosis and prognosis in AD subjects with cognitive symptoms; however, the results should be interpreted by dementia specialists and combining biochemical, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging information. Further studies are needed to evaluate BBMs' real-world performance and potential impact on clinical decision-making.Copyright © 2024 Formosan Medical Association. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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