• Agraharam Devendra, Sudipta Kumar Patra, P Velmurugesan, Mohd Zackariya, P Ramesh, Chandramohan Arun Kamal, Jayaramaraju Dheenadhayalan, and Shanmuganathan Rajasekaran.
• Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma, Ganga Medical Centre & Hospitals Pvt Ltd, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: agraharamdevendra@gmail.com.
• Injury. 2024 Mar 1; 55 (3): 111412111412.

IntroductionOur primary aim of the study was to assess the results of a treatment protocol for aseptic femoral shaft nonunion treated by three techniques - Exchange Nailing (EN), Plate Augmentation (PA), and Exchange Nailing combined with Plate augmentation (NP). The secondary objective was to assess the radiological outcome, duration of surgery (DOS) and need for blood transfusion (BT) in all the three groups.Materials And MethodsWe analyzed 330 patients treated for AFNU between Jan 2007 and Dec 2019. Using a simple treatment algorithm, EN, PA and NP were performed in 24,183 and 123 patients respectively. Patients in all the three groups were assessed for radiological-union (union rate and time to union), DOS and BT.ResultsOf these 330 patients, 327 (99 %) patients achieved radiological union at a mean duration of 6.07 months. Union rate is highest with NP followed by PA and EN. The union rate in patients with NP, PA and EN were 100 %, 99.5 % and 91.7 % respectively (p < 0.01). Time to union was lowest for NP followed by PA and EN (p < 0.001).The mean time to union for NP, PA and EN were 3.76, 7.2and 9.21 months respectively (p < 0.001). The mean DOS in minutes for NP, EN and PA was 107, 94 and 82 respectively (p < 0.01). The mean need for BT in the form of packed red blood cells for NP, PA and EN were 1.95, 1.87 and 1.38 units respectively (p < 0.01).ConclusionFollowing a simple algorithm to decide treatment protocol on a case-to case basis helps to achieve good results in an optimal time period. When compared with EN and PA, NP is associated with 100 % union rate with least time to union making NP a reasonably effective procedure with a very high success rate.Level Of EvidenceIV.Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier Ltd.

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