• Hiroshi Taka, Takuma Douguchi, Ayako Miyamoto, Kazuyoshi Shimizu, Satoshi Kimura, Tatsuo Iwasaki, Tomoyuki Kanazawa, and Hiroshi Morimatsu.
• Department of Clinical Engineering Center, Okayama University Hospital, 2-5-1, Shikata-Cho, Kita-Ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
• J Anesth. 2024 Apr 1; 38 (2): 244253244-253.

PurposeThe aims of this study were (1) to determine the associations of cardioplegic solutions with postoperative main strong ion difference (mSID), which is the difference between sodium ion concentration and chloride ion concentration ([Cl-]) and (2) to determine the associations of cardioplegic solutions with markers of organ dysfunction.MethodsIn this retrospective cohort study, patients aged <5 years who underwent cardiac surgery in a tertiary teaching hospital were included. Patients were classified on the basis of the type of cardioplegic solution: modified del Nido cardioplegia (mDNC) and conventional cardioplegia (CC). The effects of mDNC on postoperative mSID and markers of organ functions were examined using propensity-matched analysis.ResultsA total of 500 cases were included. mDNC solution was used in 163 patients (32.6%). After propensity score matching, patients in the mDNC group (n = 152) had significantly higher minimum mSID [28 (26, 30) mEq/L vs. 27 (25, 29) mEq/L, p = 0.02] and lower maximum [Cl-] [112 (109, 114) mEq/L vs. 113 (111, 117) mEq/L, p < 0.001] than patients in the CC group (n = 304). The incidences of low mSID and hyperchloremia in the mDNC group were significantly lower than those in the CC group (63.8 vs. 75.7%, p = 0.01 and 63.2 vs. 79.3%, p < 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative acute kidney injury and B-type natriuretic peptide level between the two groups.ConclusionThe use of modified del Nido cardioplegia may reduce the incidence of abnormal mSID and hyperchloremia compared with the use of a chloride-rich cardioplegic solution.© 2024. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Japanese Society of Anesthesiologists.

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