• Young Joo Suh, Kyunghwa Han, Yonghan Kwon, Hwiyoung Kim, Suji Lee, Sung Ho Hwang, Myung Hyun Kim, Hyun Joo Shin, Chang Young Lee, and Hyo Sup Shim.
• Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. rongzu@yuhs.ac.
• Yonsei Med. J. 2024 Mar 1; 65 (3): 163173163-173.

PurposeTo assess the added value of radiomics models from preoperative chest CT in predicting the presence of spread through air spaces (STAS) in the early stage of surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas using multiple validation datasets.Materials And MethodsThis retrospective study included 550 early-stage surgically resected lung adenocarcinomas in 521 patients, classified into training, test, internal validation, and temporal validation sets (n=211, 90, 91, and 158, respectively). Radiomics features were extracted from the segmented tumors on preoperative chest CT, and a radiomics score (Rad-score) was calculated to predict the presence of STAS. Diagnostic performance of the conventional model and the combined model, based on a combination of conventional and radiomics features, for the diagnosis of the presence of STAS were compared using the area under the curve (AUC) of the receiver operating characteristic curve.ResultsRad-score was significantly higher in the STAS-positive group compared to the STAS-negative group in the training, test, internal, and temporal validation sets. The performance of the combined model was significantly higher than that of the conventional model in the training set {AUC: 0.784 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.722-0.846] vs. AUC: 0.815 (95% CI: 0.759-0.872), p=0.042}. In the temporal validation set, the combined model showed a significantly higher AUC than that of the conventional model (p=0.001). The combined model showed a higher AUC than the conventional model in the test and internal validation sets, albeit with no statistical significance.ConclusionA quantitative CT radiomics model can assist in the non-invasive prediction of the presence of STAS in the early stage of lung adenocarcinomas.© Copyright: Yonsei University College of Medicine 2024.

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