• Mao Zheng, Dong Wang, Li Chen, Mei-Nan Chen, Wei Wang, and Shan-Dong Ye.
• Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, P. R. China.
• Int. J. Clin. Pract. 2019 Sep 11: e13415e13415.

BackgroundEpidemiological studies have identified an association between thyroid dysfunction (TD) and various kidney diseases. In this study, the prevalence of TD in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) was evaluated to analyse the potential association between TD and DKD in T2DM patients.MethodologyA total of 2108 T2DM patients from Anhui Provincial Hospital were recruited in this study. Demographic and clinical characteristics were collected from 834 T2DM patients with DKD and 1274 T2DM patients without DKD (non-DKD). All patients were stratified into a number of groups based on UACR (urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio) or eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate): (a) A1: normoalbuminuria (<30), A2: microalbuminuria (30-300) and A3: macroalbuminuria (>300); (b) F1: normal filtration (60-139), F2: hyper filtration (≥140) and F3: low filtration (<60).ResultsSignificant differences were observed between the non-DKD and DKD groups (P < .05) in age, sex ratio, duration, systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4) and sensitive thyrotropin hormone (sTSH). The macroalbuminuira and low filtration groups had the lowest levels of FT3 and FT4 and the highest level of sTSH, compared with all other groups (P < .0167). The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in the DKD group was significantly higher than that in the non-DKD group (χ2  = 13.92, P < .01). Logistic regression analysis showed that hypothyroidism was associated with increased UACR or reduced eGFR in T2DM patients. Compared with controls, T2DM patients with hypothyroidism exhibited a higher UACR and urinary excretion of transferrin, as well as a lower excretion of urinary Tamm-Horsfall protein (THP) (P < .0167).ConclusionSubclinical hypothyroidism is more prevalent in T2DM patients with DKD than in T2DM patients without DKD. Hypothyroidism is associated with albuminuria and decreased eGFR in T2DM patients.© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

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