• Nqobile Thango, Andrea L Klein, Beverly Cheserem, Muhammad Raji Mahmud, Abebe Bekele, Efosa Ohonba, Gloria Shani Kabare, Saidu Abdulkarim Umar, Jules Iradukunda, and Gail L Rosseau.
• Department of Neurosurgery, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
• World Neurosurg. 2024 May 1; 185: 314319314-319.

AbstractSince the first African country attained independence from colonial rule, surgical training on the continent has evolved along 3 principal models. The first is a colonial, local master-apprentice model, the second is a purely local training model, and the third is a collegiate intercountry model. The 3 models exist currently and there are varied perceptions of their relative merits in training competent neurosurgeons. We reviewed the historical development of training and in an accompanying study, seek to describe the complex array of surgical training pathways and explore the neocolonial underpinnings of how these various models of training impact today the development of surgical capacity in Africa. In addition, we sought to better understand how some training systems may contribute to the widely recognized "brain drain" of surgeons from the African continent to high income countries in Europe and North America. To date, there are no published studies evaluating the impact of surgical training systems on skilled workforce emigration out of Africa. This review aims to discover potentially addressable sources of improving healthcare and training equity in this region.Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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