• Maria Elisa Ruffolo Magliari, Renata Telles Rudge de Aquino, Anna Luiza Lobão Gonçalves, Fábio Marioni, Fabíola del Carlo Bernardi, Sérgio Brasil, Joaquim Antonio da Fonseca Almeida, Benedito Juarez Andrade, Carlos Sérgio Chiattone, and Carlos Alberto da Conceição Lima.
• Discipline of Internal Medicine, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Santa Casa de São Paulo, Brazil. elisamagliari@hotmail.com
• Sao Paulo Med J. 2012 Jan 1; 130 (2): 126129126-9.

ContextMucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas are most commonly found in the stomach, lungs, orbital soft tissue, salivary glands and thyroid. Involvement of the trachea is extremely rare.Case ReportThis report describes a rare case of MALT lymphoma of the trachea in a 71-year-old woman who presented with a one-year history of coughing, dyspnea, hoarseness and weight loss. There was an infiltrative lesion in the mid-trachea. The anatomopathological diagnosis was only made from the fifth endoscopic biopsy attempt. Immunochemotherapy consisting of rituximab, cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisone (R-COP) induced complete remission of the symptoms and endoscopic lesion.ConclusionsMALT lymphoma of the trachea is extremely rare and indolent disease. It has to be considered in the differential diagnosis of airway lesions. It is crucial to obtain an anatomopathological diagnosis from a specialized pathologist. Immunochemotherapy with R-COP induced complete remission of the disease.

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