• Zhanao Meng, Anni Xiong, Mengmeng Liu, Yahao Guo, Xuan Zhu, Tao Luo, Xiangjie Tian, Xiangbo Meng, Xiaolei Li, Xue Lin, Xiaohong Wang, and Jie Qin.
• Department of Radiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Tianhe District, Tianhe Road 600, Guangzhou, 510620, China.
• Eur Spine J. 2024 May 1; 33 (5): 202220302022-2030.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the correlation between dual-energy CT (DECT) virtual calcium free (VNCA), CT attenuation, the ratio and difference of VNCA to CT attenuation, and Pfirrmann grading of lumbar disc degeneration.MethodsA retrospective analysis on 135 intervertebral discs from 30 patients who underwent DECT and MR. Discs was graded using the Pfirrmann system. ROIs on the sagittal plane assessed HU value, VNCA value, Rho value, Z value, R-VH value, and D-VH value. Correlation, grade differences, and multivariate regression models were assessed. Diagnostic performance and cut-off values were determined using AUC.ResultsVNCA (r = 0.589, P < 0.001), R-VH (r = 0.622, P < 0.001), and D-VH (r = 0.613, P < 0.001) moderately correlated with Pfirrmann grading. HU (r = 0.388, P < 0.001), Rho (r = 0.142, P = 0.102), and Z (r = -0.125, P = 0.153) showed a weak correlation. R-VH, D-VH, and VNCA had significantly higher correlation than HU. Statistically significant differences were observed in P values of VNCA, HU, R-VH, and D-VH in relative groups (P < 0.05), but not in Rho and Z values (P > 0.05). R-VH and D-VH had significant differences between Pfirrmann grades 1 and 2, and grades 2 and 3 (early stage) (P < 0.05). AUC readings of R-VH and D-VH (≥2,  ≥3, ≥4) were higher. The multivariate model IVNCa + CT had the highest AUC.ConclusionThe new quantitative indices R-VH value and D-VH value of DECT have advantages over VNCA value and HU value in evaluating early-stage disc degeneration (≥2 grades, ≥3 grades). The multivariate model IVNCa + CT has the best AUC values for evaluating disc degeneration at all stages.© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.

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