• Natalia J López, Solange Arazi-Caillaud, Rosa M Bologna, Andrea M Mangano, and Paula C Aulicino.
• Laboratorio de Biología Celular y Retrovirus (BCYR), Buenos Aires, Argentina.
• Rev Invest Clin. 2024 Jan 1; 76 (1): 293629-36.

BackgroundHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) drug resistance is a major cause of treatment failure in children and adolescents infected with the virus.ObjectivesThe objectives of the study are to investigate HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) in patients who attended a referral care center in Argentina over a 15-year period and to compare mutational patterns between HIV-1 polsequences characterized as B or BF recombinants.MethodsIndividual resistance-associated mutations (RAMs) (to protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors) were identified according to IAS-USA guidelines in 374 HIV-1-infected children and adolescents. HIV-1 subtype was characterized by phylogenetic and recombination analysis using MEGA5.1 and Simplot. Poisson linear regression was used to model the dynamics of the RAMs over time.ResultsThe prevalence of RAMs to protease inhibitors (R2 = 0.52, p = 0.0012) and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (R2 = 0.30, p = 0.0225) decreased over time. HIVDR to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors remained moderate to high, ranging between 33% and 76%. BF recombinants showed a higher frequency of thymidine analog mutation 1 RAMs profile and I54V mutation.ConclusionIn Argentina, HIVDR observed in children and adolescents has decreased over the past 15 years, regardless of the viral subtype. (REV INVEST CLIN. 2024;76(1):29-36).Copyright: © 2023 Permanyer.

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