• Pierre Kalfon, Wissam El-Hage, Marie-Agnès Geantot, Constance Favier, Laetitia Bodet-Contentin, Khaldoun Kuteifan, Pierre-Yves Olivier, Didier Thévenin, Julien Pottecher, Jullien Crozon-Clauzel, Bénédicte Mauchien, Arnaud Galbois, Roland de Varax, Sabine Valera, Philippe Estagnasie, Audrey Berric, Martine Nyunga, Nathalie Revel, Georges Simon, Benjamin Kowalski, Achille Sossou, Thomas Signouret, Marc Leone, Charles Delalé, Aurélien Seemann, Sigismond Lasocki, QuenotJean-PierreJPService de Médecine Intensive Réanimation, CHU Dijon Bourgogne, Dijon, France., Antoine Monsel, Olivier Michel, Mathieu Page, René-Gilles Patrigeon, Walid Nicola, Arnaud W Thille, Guillaume Hekimian, Pascal Auquier, Karine Baumstarck, and PTSD-REA Study group.
• Réanimation Polyvalente, Hôpital Louis Pasteur, CH de Chartres, Le Coudray, France. pierrekalfon@sfr.fr.
• Crit Care. 2024 Mar 14; 28 (1): 7777.

BackgroundPosttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after a stay in the intensive care unit (ICU) can affect one in five ICU survivors. At the beginning of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, admission to the ICU for COVID-19 was stressful due to the severity of this disease. This study assessed whether admission to the ICU for COVID-19 was associated with a higher prevalence of PTSD compared with other causes of ICU admission after adjustment for pre-ICU psychological factors.MethodsThis prospective observational comparative cohort study included 31 ICUs. Eligible patients were adult ICU survivors hospitalized during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in France, regardless of the reason for admission. The prevalence of presumptive diagnosis of PTSD at 6 months was assessed using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5). Sociodemographics, clinical data, history of childhood trauma (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire [CTQ]), and exposure to potentially traumatic events (Life Events Checklist for DSM-5 [LEC-5]) were assessed.ResultsOf the 778 ICU survivors included during the first wave of COVID-19 pandemic in France, 417 and 361 were assigned to the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cohorts, respectively. Fourteen (4.9%) and 11 (4.9%), respectively, presented with presumptive diagnosis of PTSD at 6 months (p = 0.976). After adjusting for age, sex, severity score at admission, use of invasive mechanical ventilation, ICU duration, CTQ and LEC-5, COVID-19 status was not associated with presumptive diagnosis of PTSD using the PCL-5. Only female sex was associated with presumptive diagnosis of PTSD. However, COVID-19 patients reported significantly more intrusion and avoidance symptoms than non-COVID patients (39% vs. 29%, p = 0.015 and 27% vs. 19%, p = 0.030), respectively. The median PCL-5 score was higher in the COVID-19 than non-COVID-19 cohort (9 [3, 20] vs. 4 [2, 16], p = 0.034).ConclusionAdmission to the ICU for COVID-19 was not associated with a higher prevalence of PTSD compared with admission for another cause during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in France. However, intrusion and avoidance symptoms were more frequent in COVID-19 patients than in non-COVID-19 patients.Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT03991611, registered on June 19, 2019.© 2024. The Author(s).

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