• Kyosuke Takahashi, Norimichi Uenishi, Masamitsu Sanui, Shigehiko Uchino, Naoki Yonezawa, Tetsuhiro Takei, Norihiro Nishioka, Hirotada Kobayashi, Shunichi Otaka, Kotaro Yamamoto, Hideto Yasuda, Shintaro Kosaka, Hidehiko Tokunaga, Naoki Fujiwara, Takashiro Kondo, Tomoki Ishida, Takayuki Komatsu, Koji Endo, Taiki Moriyama, Takayoshi Oyasu, Mineji Hayakawa, Atsumi Hoshino, Tasuku Matsuyama, Yuki Miyamoto, Akihiro Yanagisawa, Tadamasa Wakabayashi, Takeshi Ueda, Tetsuya Komuro, Toshiro Sugimoto, and Yusuke Sasabuchi.
• Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Jichi Medical University Saitama Medical Center, 1-847 Amanumacho, Omiya-ku, Saitama City, Saitama Prefecture, 330-0834, Japan. ktakahashi@cf.em-net.ne.jp.
• Intern Emerg Med. 2024 Jun 1; 19 (4): 959970959-970.

AbstractHyperglycemic emergencies frequently lead to acute kidney injury (AKI) and require treatment with large amount of intravenous fluids. However, the effects of chloride loading on this population have not yet been investigated. We conducted a multicenter, retrospective, cohort study in 21 acute-care hospitals in Japan. The study included hospitalized adult patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome (HHS) who had AKI upon arrival. The patients were classified into high and low chloride groups based on the amount of chloride administered within the first 48 h of their arrival. The primary outcome was recovery from AKI; secondary outcome was major adverse kidney events within 30 days (MAKE30), including mortality and prolonged renal failure. A total of 390 patients with AKI, including 268 (69%) with DKA and 122 (31%) with HHS, were included in the study. Using the criteria of Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes, the severity of AKI in the patients was Stage 1 (n = 159, 41%), Stage 2 (n = 121, 31%), and Stage 3 (n = 110, 28%). The analysis showed no significant difference between the two groups in recovery from AKI (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.96; 95% CI 0.72-1.28; P = 0.78) and in MAKE30 (adjusted odds ratio, 0.91; 95% CI 0.45-1.76; P = 0.80). Chloride loading with fluid administration had no significant impact on recovery from AKI in patients with hyperglycemic emergencies.Trial Registration This study was registered in the UMIN clinical trial registration system (UMIN000025393, registered December 23, 2016).© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Medicina Interna (SIMI).

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