• Adam Wa Geraghty, Sian Holt, Carolyn A Chew-Graham, Miriam Santer, Michael Moore, Tony Kendrick, Berend Terluin, Paul Little, Beth Stuart, Manoj Mistry, Al Richards, Debs Smith, Sonia Newman, Shanaya Rathod, Hannah Bowers, and Harm van Marwijk.
• Primary Care, Population Sciences and Medical Education, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
• Br J Gen Pract. 2024 Jul 1; 74 (744): e434e441e434-e441.

BackgroundPrimary care clinicians see people experiencing the full range of mental health problems. Determining when symptoms reflect disorder is complex. The Four-Dimensional Symptom Questionnaire (4DSQ) uniquely distinguishes general distress from depressive and anxiety disorders. It may support diagnostic conversations and targeting of treatment.AimTo explore peoples' experiences of completing the 4DSQ and their perceptions of their resulting score profile across distress, depression, anxiety, and physical symptoms.Design And SettingA qualitative study was conducted in the UK with people recruited from primary care and community settings.MethodParticipants completed the 4DSQ then took part in semi-structured telephone interviews. They were interviewed about their experience of completing the 4DSQ, their perceptions of their scores across four dimensions, and the perceived utility if used with a clinician. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and data were analysed thematically.ResultsTwenty-four interviews were conducted. Most participants found the 4DSQ easy to complete and reported that scores across the four dimensions aligned well with their symptom experience. Distinct scores for distress, depression, and anxiety appeared to support improved self-understanding. Some valued the opportunity to discuss their scores and provide relevant context. Many felt the use of the 4DSQ with clinicians would be helpful and likely to support treatment decisions, although some were concerned about time-limited consultations.ConclusionDistinguishing general distress from depressive and anxiety disorders aligned well with people's experience of symptoms. Use of the 4DSQ as part of mental health consultations may support targeting of treatment and personalisation of care.© The Authors.

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