• Andreas Roos and Gustaf Edgren.
• Department of Emergency and Reparative Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Medicine, Clinical Epidemiology Division, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: andreas.roos@regionstockholm.se.
• Am. J. Med. 2024 Jul 1; 137 (7): 597607.e5597-607.e5.

BackgroundKnowledge is limited on the clinical implications of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin (hs-cTn) measurements in patients treated with oral antineoplastic agents associated with cardiovascular side effects. This study investigated the diagnostic performance of hs-cTnT for myocardial infarction.MethodsAmong all visits to 7 different emergency departments (EDs) from December 9, 2010 to August 31, 2017, we included visits by patients presenting with chest pain who had ≥1 hs-cTnT measured. Patients treated with oral antineoplastic agents associated with cardiovascular toxicity were identified. Logistic regression models were used to estimate the performance of hs-cTnT for diagnosing myocardial infarction.ResultsWe identified 214,165 visits, of which 2695 (1.3%) occurred in patients with oral antineoplastic treatment associated with cardiovascular toxicity. Treatment was associated with a higher myocardial infarction incidence (8.2% vs 5.7%), but the overall diagnostic accuracy for a myocardial infarction was lower in patients with versus without treatment, paralleled by a lower specificity and PPV with the 0 h hs-cTnT rule-in cut-off of 52 ng/L (92.6% [95% CI: 91.6-93.6] vs 96.8% [95% CI: 96.8-96.9], and 42.8 [95% CI: 37.4-48.2] vs 49.5 [95% CI: 48.6-50.4], respectively). The majority (72%) of patients with treatment were assigned to an intermediate risk group, in whom the risk of myocardial infarction was reduced by 29% (OR 0.71, 95% CI: 0.57-0.89).ConclusionsDiagnostic accuracy of hs-cTnT for myocardial infarction is reduced among patients on treatment with oral antineoplastic agents associated with cardiovascular toxicity. Most patients would be assigned to an intermediate risk group, in whom only 4% will have a final myocardial infarction diagnosis.Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

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